Unusual Concepts ofNuclear Power Reactors
NPS/KTH Seminar 2007-06-11
by Frigyes Reisch, frigyes@kth.se
SECURE and PIUS Innovative Power Reactor Designs with
Passive Safety Features
In Sweden an innovative reactor design was developed
during the past decades. A reactor for district heating SECURE
and a reactor for production of electricity PIUS (Process Inherent
Ultimate Safety)
SECURE and PIUS are innovative light water cooled reactors with
passive safety systems in a large pool of borated water in a concrete
pressure vessel, located underground. The irradiated fuel can
be stored inside the reactor cavity for thirty years. These features
make the concept actual for today’s requirements.
An electrically heated test loop was built where
the basic design characteristics were successfully verified. The
concept was analyzed through detailed calculations with different
computer codes.
Advances in Nuclear Science and Technology 1987
Figure 1. The Operating Principles of the PIUS
Pimary System
A. |
A heat source (nulcear core) placed in a
vertical pipe in a water pool will cause an upward flow
in the pipe.
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B. |
If the heated water is returned to the lower end of the
pipe there is no net flow from and to the pool.
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C. |
The heat generated can be extracted for a useful purpose.
Mixing between hot circulated and cold pool water is prevented
by stable stratification in tube bundles (density locks)
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D. |
By placing the pool in a closed vessel and pressuring
with a steam bubble above the circulation system the latter
can be operated at high pressure and temperature. |
Figure. 2 The operating principles of the SECURE primary system.
Advances in Nuclear Science and Technology 1987
Figure 3. Heated Reactor Secure-H and Prestessed
Concrete Vessel. Main Features of
Nuclear Island.
400 MWth, 2 MPa, exit temperature 190 0C
The ATLE test rig
The Secure Heating Reactor
Figure 5. The ATLE test rig.
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National Heat Conference
Portland, Oregon
August 5-9, 1995
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Fig 6. Schematic of the PLUS Reactor.
Same as Nuclear Safety article, Fig. 1, LA-UR-94-3467.
PIUS
Oak Ridge National Laboratory, September 1991
www.ornl.gov/info/reports/1991/3445603211254.pdf
September 1991
www.analys.se/lankar/bkgr/bkgr1-99.pdf
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